Current Issue - November 2012, Volume 6, Issue No. 3

1. David G. La Vallae. Fracture and dislocation of the hip. 11th ed. In Campbell's Operative Orthopaedics; 2008, p. 3237-3239.
2. Poor G, Atkinson EJ, O Fallen WM, Melton LJ III. Predictors of hip fracture in men. J Bone Min Res 1995; 10: 1900-07.
3. Wilson RT, Wallace RB. Trends in hip fracture incidence in young and older adults. Am J Public Health 2007; 97: 1734-5.
4. Haleem S, Lutchman L, Mayahi R, Grice JE, Parker MJ. Mortality following hip fracture: trends and geographical variations over the last 40 years. Injury 2008; 39: 1157-63.
5. Joon-Kiong LEE and Amir S. M. KHIR .The incidence of hip fracture in Malaysians above 50 years of age: variation in different ethnic groups. J Rheumatol 2007; 10: 300-5.
6. Chong M Lee’, Jagjit S Sidhu’ and Kok L Pan .Hip fracture incidence in Malaysia 1981-1989. Acta Orthop Scand 1993; 64: 178-80.
7. Compston JE. Sex steroids and bone. Physiol Res 2001; 81: 419-47.
8. Malaysian population statistics 2009. Department of Statistic, Malaysia
9. Ray Marks. Hip fracture epidemiological trends, outcomes, and risk factors, 1970–2009. Int J Gen Med 2010; 3: 1-17.
10. Icks A, Haastert B, Wilder M, Becker C, Meyer G.Trend of hip fracture incidence in German 1995-2004: a population based study. Osteoporos Int 2008; 19(8): 1139-45.
11. A.Leŝić,M.Jarebinski,T.Pekmezović,M.Bumbaširević, D.Spasovski, Henry D.E.Atikson. Epidemiology of hip fractures in Balgrade,Serbia Montenegro 1990-2000. Arch Orthop Trauma Surg 2007; 127: 179-83.
12. Scott JC. Osteoporosis and hip fractures. Rheum Dis Clin North Am 1990; 16: 717-40.
13. Sibai AM, Nasser W, Ammar W, Khalife MJ, Harb H, Fuleihan GE. Hip fracture incidence in Lebanon: a national registry-based study with reference to standardized rates worldwide. Osteoporos Int 2010; 22: 2499-506.
14. Piscitelli P, Brandi ML, Tarantino U, Baggiani A, Distante A, Muratore M et all. Incidence and socioeconomic burden of hip fractures in Italy: extension study 2003-2005. Rheumatismo 2010; 62: 113-8.
15. Lönnroos E, Kautiainen H, Karppi P, Huusko T, Hartikainen S, Kiviranta I et all. Increased incidence of hip fractures. A population based-study in Finland. Bone 2006; 39: 623-7.
16. Hayes WC, Myers ER, Robinovitch SN, Van Den Kroonenberg A. Etiology and prevention of age-related hip fractures. Bone 1996; 18: 77-86.
17. Kulmala J, Sihvonen S, Kallinen M, Alen M, Kivirant I, Sipilä S. Balance confidence and functional balance in relation to falls in older persons with hip fracture history. J Geriatr Phys Ther 2007; 30: 114-20.
18. Boonen S, Broos P, Dequeker J. Age-related factors in the pathogenesis of senile (Type II) femoral neck fractures. An integrated view. Am J Orthop 1996; 25: 198-204.
19. Grisso JA, Kelsey JL, Strom BL, et al. Risk factors for falls as a cause of hip fracture in women. The North East Study Group. N Engl J Med 1991; 324: 1326-31.
20. Slemenda C. Prevention of hip fractures: risk factor modification. Am J Med 1997; 103: 65-73.
21. Boonen S, Broos P, Haentjens P. Factors associated with hip fracture occurrence in old age. Implications in the postsurgical management. Acta Chir Belg 1999; 99: 185-9.
22. Schwartz AV, Sellmeyer DE, Ensrud KE, et al. Older women with diabetes has an increased risk of fracture: a prospective study. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2001; 86: 32-8.
23. Lau EM, Lee Jk, Suriwongpaisal P, et al. The incidence of hip fracture in four Asian countries; the Asian Osteoporosis Study (AOS). Osteoporos Int 2001; 12: 239-43.

Abstract   |   Reference