Current Issue - November 2025, Volume 19, Issue No. 3

1. Bernasconi A, Lintz F, Sadile F. The role of arthroereisis of the subtalar joint for flatfoot in children and adults. EFORT Open Rev. 2017; 2(11): 438-46. doi: 10.1302/2058-5241.2.170009
2. Bouchard M, Mosca VS. Flatfoot deformity in children and adolescents: surgical indications and management. J Am Acad Orthop Surg. 2014; 22(10): 623-32. doi: 10.5435/JAAOS-22-10-623
3. Metcalfe SA, Bowling FL, Reeves ND. Subtalar joint arthroereisis in the management of pediatric flexible flatfoot: a critical review of the literature. Foot Ankle Int. 2011; 32(12): 1127-39. doi: 10.3113/FAI.2011.1127
4. Indino C, Villafañe JH, D'Ambrosi R, Manzi L, Maccario C, Berjano P, et al. Effectiveness of subtalar arthroereisis with endorthesis for pediatric flexible flat foot: a retrospective cross-sectional study with final follow up at skeletal maturity. Foot Ankle Surg. 2020; 26(1): 98-104. doi: 10.1016/j.fas.2018.12.002
5. Chong DY, Macwilliams BA, Hennessey TA, Teske N, Stevens PM. Prospective comparison of subtalar arthroereisis with lateral column lengthening for painful flatfeet. J Pediatr Orthop B. 2015; 24(4): 345-53. doi: 10.1097/BPB.0000000000000179
6. Shibuya N, Kitterman RT, LaFontaine J, Jupiter DC. Demographic, physical, and radiographic factors associated with functional flatfoot deformity. J Foot Ankle Surg. 2014; 53(2): 168-72. doi: 10.1053/j.jfas.2013.11.002
7. Žukauskas S, Barauskas V, Čekanauskas E. Comparison of multiple flatfoot indicators in 5-8-year-old children. Open Med (Wars). 2021; 16(1): 246-56. doi: 10.1515/med-2021-0227
8. Sonia J, Nadia L, Manel A, Samia F, Mohamed B, Walid O, et al. Children Flat Foot and Lower Limb Rotational Profile: A Cross-Sectional Descriptive Study. Open J Orthop. 2015; 5(10): 326-35. doi: 10.4236/ojo.2015.510044
9. Wang S, Chen L, Yu J, Zhang C, Huang JZ, Wang X, et al. Mid-term Results of Subtalar Arthroereisis with Talar-Fit Implant in Pediatric Flexible Flatfoot and Identifying the Effects of Adjunctive Procedures and Risk Factors for Sinus Tarsi Pain. Orthop Surg. 2021; 13(1): 175-84. doi: 10.1111/os.12864
10. Baghdadi T, Mazoochy H, Guity M, Heidari Khabbaz N. Evaluation of Clinical and Radiological Results of Calcaneal Lengthening Osteotomy in Pediatric Idiopathic Flexible Flatfoot. Arch Bone Jt Surg. 2018; 6(5): 402-11.
11. Roth S, Roth A, Jotanovic Z, Madarevic T. Navicular index for differentiation of flatfoot from normal foot. Int Orthop. 2013; 37(6): 1107-12. doi: 10.1007/s00264-013-1885-6
12. Morris C, Doll HA, Wainwright A, Theologis T, Fitzpatrick R. The Oxford ankle foot questionnaire for children: scaling, reliability and validity. J Bone Joint Surg Br. 2008; 90(11): 1451-6. doi: 10.1302/0301-620X.90B11.21000
13. Tipton CC, Bompadre V, Mattioli-Lewis T, Bouchard M. Outcome Tools in Pediatric Foot and Ankle Patients: Comparing Child and Parent Scores. J Am Acad Orthop Surg. 2020; 28(9): e395-e400. doi: 10.5435/JAAOS-D-18-00481
14. Carr JB 2nd, Yang S, Lather LA. Pediatric Pes Planus: A State-of-the-Art Review. Pediatrics. 2016; 137(3): e20151230. doi: 10.1542/peds.2015-1230
15. Fernandez de Retana P, Alvarez F, Bacca G. Is there a role for subtalar arthroereisis in the management of adult acquired flatfoot? Foot Ankle Clin. 2012; 17(2): 271-81. doi: 10.1016/j.fcl.2012.03.006
16. Graham ME, Jawrani NT, Chikka A, Rogers RJ. Surgical treatment of hyperpronation using an extraosseous talotarsal stabilization device: radiographic outcomes in 70 adult patients. J Foot Ankle Surg. 2012; 51(5): 548-55. doi: 10.1053/j.jfas.2012.05.027
17. De Pellegrin M, Moharamzadeh D, Strobl WM, Biedermann R, Tschauner C, Wirth T. Subtalar extra-articular screw arthroereisis (SESA) for the treatment of flexible flatfoot in children. J Child Orthop. 2014; 8(6): 479-87. doi: 10.1007/s11832-014-0619-7
18. Ruiz-Picazo D, Jiménez-Ortega P, Doñate-Pérez F, Gaspar-Aparicio N, García-Martín V, Ramírez-Villaescusa J, et al. Radiographic and Functional Results following Subtalar Arthroereisis in Pediatric Flexible Flatfoot. Adv Orthop. 2019; 2019: 5061934. doi: 10.1155/2019/5061934
19. Staheli LT, Chew DE, Corbett M. The longitudinal arch. A survey of eight hundred and eighty-two feet in normal children and adults. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 1987; 69(3): 426-8.
20. Pfeiffer M, Kotz R, Ledl T, Hauser G, Sluga M. Prevalence of flat foot in preschool-aged children. Pediatrics. 2006; 118(2): 634-9. doi: 10.1542/peds.2005-2126
21. Fernández de Retana P, Alvarez F, Viladot R. Subtalar arthroereisis in pediatric flatfoot reconstruction. Foot Ankle Clin. 2010; 15(2): 323-35. doi: 10.1016/j.fcl.2010.01.001
22. Lin CJ, Lai KA, Kuan TS, Chou YL. Correlating factors and clinical significance of flexible flatfoot in preschool children. J Pediatr Orthop. 2001; 21(3): 378-82.
23. Cicchinelli LD, Pascual Huerta J, García Carmona FJ, Fernández Morato D. Analysis of gastrocnemius recession and medial column procedures as adjuncts in arthroereisis for the correction of pediatric pes planovalgus: a radiographic retrospective study. J Foot Ankle Surg. 2008; 47(5): 385-91. doi: 10.1053/j.jfas.2008.06.002
24. Cebulski-Delebarre A, Boutry N, Szymanski C, Maynou C, Lefebvre G, Amzallag-Bellenger E, et al. Correlation between primary flat foot and lower extremity rotational misalignment in adults. Diagn Interv Imaging. 2016; 97(11): 1151-7. doi: 10.1016/j.diii.2016.01.011
25. Zafiropoulos G, Prasad KS, Kouboura T, Danis G. Flat foot and femoral anteversion in children--a prospective study. Foot (Edinb). 2009; 19(1): 50-4. doi: 10.1016/j.foot.2008.09.003
26. Moraca G, Martinelli N, Bianchi A, Filardo G, Sansone V. Subtalar arthroereisis with metallic implant is a safe and effective treatment for pediatric patients with symptomatic flexible flatfeet. A 10-year clinical and radiographic follow-up. Foot Ankle Surg. 2025; 31(1): 31-7. doi: 10.1016/j.fas.2024.06.004

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