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November 2021, Volume 15, Issue No. 3

Official Journal of Malaysian Orthopaedic Association and ASEAN Orthopaedic Association

Femoral Neck Fractures in HIV-Positive Patients: Analysis of 10 Years Short-Term Post-operative Complications

Abstract

Introduction: Aging and effect of antiretroviral therapy on bone mass could increase the risk of femoral neck fractures (FNF) in HIV patient. The aim of this study was specifically to determine whether intracapsular FNF in HIV-positive patients are more prone to short-term post-operative complications than similar fractures occurring in HIV-negative patients.

Materials and methods: A group of 25 HIV-positive patients with intracapsular FNF were enrolled and matched to HIV-negative patient with similar fractures according to gender, age, a modified Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI), fracture classification, surgical treatment and time interval between fracture event and surgery. For each group, length of stay, surgical time, early clinical outcomes and short-term surgical and medical complications were compared to determine the impact on the early outcome.

Results: At the time of the fracture occurrence, 56% of HIV-positive patients were on antiretroviral therapy and 12% started with therapy in the perioperative period. At three months follow-up, there were no statistically significant differences between the two study groups in length of stay, Harris hip score and total number of early complications. However, a statistically significant increase in urinary tract infections and longer surgical time using hip sliding screw fixation were seen in the HIV-positive group. The poorest post-operative result was seen in a patient who failed to adequately adhere to the HIV therapy protocol.

Conclusions: This study failed to show any statistically significant increase in short-term complications or worse clinical outcomes for intracapsular FNF in HIV-positive patients compared to HIV-negative patients to recommend their treatment in dedicated centres.

Abstract   |   Reference

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The Malaysian Orthopaedic Journal is a peer-reviewed journal that is published three times a year in both print and electronic online version. The purpose of this journal is to publish original research studies, evaluation of current practices and case reports in various subspecialties of orthopaedics and traumatology, as well as associated fields like basic science, biomedical engineering, rehabilitation medicine and nursing.

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